Vierkantsvergelijkingen (VKV)

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Gebruik de discriminant om volgende vierkantsvergelijkingen op te lossen

1. \(x^2-3x-54=0\)
2. \(36x^2+37x+15=12x+11\)
3. \(9x^2-8x-2=4x-6\)
4. \(x^2+0x+19=-8x+12\)
5. \(x^2+2x-48=0\)
6. \(x^2+7x+6=0\)
7. \(4x^2+12x+9=0\)
8. \(4x^2+25x+36=0\)
9. \(x^2-8x+16=0\)
10. \(3x^2+12x-43=5x+5\)
11. \(4x^2+22x+50=2x+1\)
12. \(4x^2+4x-3=8x-4\)

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Gebruik de discriminant om volgende vierkantsvergelijkingen op te lossen

Verbetersleutel

1. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2-3x-54=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-3)^2-4.1.(-54) & &\\ & = 9+216 & & \\ & = 225 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-(-3)-\sqrt225}{2.1} & & = \frac{-(-3)+\sqrt225}{2.1} \\ & = \frac{-12}{2} & & = \frac{18}{2} \\ & = -6 & & = 9 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -6 ; 9 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
2. \(36x^2+37x+15=12x+11\\ \Leftrightarrow 36x^2+25x+4=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{36x^2+25x+4=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (25)^2-4.36.4 & &\\ & = 625-576 & & \\ & = 49 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-25-\sqrt49}{2.36} & & = \frac{-25+\sqrt49}{2.36} \\ & = \frac{-32}{72} & & = \frac{-18}{72} \\ & = \frac{-4}{9} & & = \frac{-1}{4} \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ \frac{-4}{9} ; \frac{-1}{4} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
3. \(9x^2-8x-2=4x-6\\ \Leftrightarrow 9x^2-12x+4=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{9x^2-12x+4=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-12)^2-4.9.4 & &\\ & = 144-144 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-(-12)}{2.9} & & \\ & = \frac{2}{3} & & \\V &= \Big\{ \frac{2}{3} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
4. \(x^2+0x+19=-8x+12\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+8x+7=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2+8x+7=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (8)^2-4.1.7 & &\\ & = 64-28 & & \\ & = 36 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-8-\sqrt36}{2.1} & & = \frac{-8+\sqrt36}{2.1} \\ & = \frac{-14}{2} & & = \frac{-2}{2} \\ & = -7 & & = -1 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -7 ; -1 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
5. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2+2x-48=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (2)^2-4.1.(-48) & &\\ & = 4+192 & & \\ & = 196 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-2-\sqrt196}{2.1} & & = \frac{-2+\sqrt196}{2.1} \\ & = \frac{-16}{2} & & = \frac{12}{2} \\ & = -8 & & = 6 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -8 ; 6 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
6. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2+7x+6=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (7)^2-4.1.6 & &\\ & = 49-24 & & \\ & = 25 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-7-\sqrt25}{2.1} & & = \frac{-7+\sqrt25}{2.1} \\ & = \frac{-12}{2} & & = \frac{-2}{2} \\ & = -6 & & = -1 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -6 ; -1 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
7. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2+12x+9=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (12)^2-4.4.9 & &\\ & = 144-144 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-12}{2.4} & & \\ & = -\frac{3}{2} & & \\V &= \Big\{ -\frac{3}{2} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
8. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2+25x+36=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (25)^2-4.4.36 & &\\ & = 625-576 & & \\ & = 49 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-25-\sqrt49}{2.4} & & = \frac{-25+\sqrt49}{2.4} \\ & = \frac{-32}{8} & & = \frac{-18}{8} \\ & = -4 & & = \frac{-9}{4} \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -4 ; \frac{-9}{4} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
9. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2-8x+16=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-8)^2-4.1.16 & &\\ & = 64-64 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-(-8)}{2.1} & & \\ & = 4 & & \\V &= \Big\{ 4 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
10. \(3x^2+12x-43=5x+5\\ \Leftrightarrow 3x^2+7x-48=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{3x^2+7x-48=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (7)^2-4.3.(-48) & &\\ & = 49+576 & & \\ & = 625 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-7-\sqrt625}{2.3} & & = \frac{-7+\sqrt625}{2.3} \\ & = \frac{-32}{6} & & = \frac{18}{6} \\ & = \frac{-16}{3} & & = 3 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ \frac{-16}{3} ; 3 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
11. \(4x^2+22x+50=2x+1\\ \Leftrightarrow 4x^2+20x+49=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2+20x+49=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (20)^2-4.4.49 & &\\ & = 400-784 & & \\ & = -384 & & \\ & < 0 \\V &= \varnothing \end{align} \\ -----------------\)
12. \(4x^2+4x-3=8x-4\\ \Leftrightarrow 4x^2-4x+1=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2-4x+1=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-4)^2-4.4.1 & &\\ & = 16-16 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-(-4)}{2.4} & & \\ & = \frac{1}{2} & & \\V &= \Big\{ \frac{1}{2} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)