Vierkantsvergelijkingen (VKV)

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Gebruik de discriminant om volgende vierkantsvergelijkingen op te lossen

1. \(4x^2-7x+21=9x+5\)
2. \(9x^2-24x+16=0\)
3. \(x^2+4x-77=0\)
4. \(16x^2-40x+25=0\)
5. \(4x^2+7x-36=0\)
6. \(9x^2-69x+115=-3x-6\)
7. \(x^2-5x-81=-10x+3\)
8. \(4x^2+10x-15=-5x-11\)
9. \(4x^2+7x+19=-6x+10\)
10. \(48x^2+6x+8=-x+11\)
11. \(x^2-9x+31=x+10\)
12. \(8x^2+25x+18=0\)

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Gebruik de discriminant om volgende vierkantsvergelijkingen op te lossen

Verbetersleutel

1. \(4x^2-7x+21=9x+5\\ \Leftrightarrow 4x^2-16x+16=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2-16x+16=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-16)^2-4.4.16 & &\\ & = 256-256 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-(-16)}{2.4} & & \\ & = 2 & & \\V &= \Big\{ 2 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
2. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{9x^2-24x+16=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-24)^2-4.9.16 & &\\ & = 576-576 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-(-24)}{2.9} & & \\ & = \frac{4}{3} & & \\V &= \Big\{ \frac{4}{3} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
3. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2+4x-77=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (4)^2-4.1.(-77) & &\\ & = 16+308 & & \\ & = 324 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-4-\sqrt324}{2.1} & & = \frac{-4+\sqrt324}{2.1} \\ & = \frac{-22}{2} & & = \frac{14}{2} \\ & = -11 & & = 7 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -11 ; 7 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
4. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{16x^2-40x+25=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-40)^2-4.16.25 & &\\ & = 1600-1600 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-(-40)}{2.16} & & \\ & = \frac{5}{4} & & \\V &= \Big\{ \frac{5}{4} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
5. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2+7x-36=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (7)^2-4.4.(-36) & &\\ & = 49+576 & & \\ & = 625 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-7-\sqrt625}{2.4} & & = \frac{-7+\sqrt625}{2.4} \\ & = \frac{-32}{8} & & = \frac{18}{8} \\ & = -4 & & = \frac{9}{4} \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -4 ; \frac{9}{4} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
6. \(9x^2-69x+115=-3x-6\\ \Leftrightarrow 9x^2-66x+121=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{9x^2-66x+121=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-66)^2-4.9.121 & &\\ & = 4356-4356 & & \\ & = 0 & & \\ x & = \frac{-b\pm \sqrt{D}}{2.a} & & \\ & = \frac{-(-66)}{2.9} & & \\ & = \frac{11}{3} & & \\V &= \Big\{ \frac{11}{3} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
7. \(x^2-5x-81=-10x+3\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2+5x-84=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2+5x-84=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (5)^2-4.1.(-84) & &\\ & = 25+336 & & \\ & = 361 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-5-\sqrt361}{2.1} & & = \frac{-5+\sqrt361}{2.1} \\ & = \frac{-24}{2} & & = \frac{14}{2} \\ & = -12 & & = 7 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -12 ; 7 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
8. \(4x^2+10x-15=-5x-11\\ \Leftrightarrow 4x^2+15x-4=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2+15x-4=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (15)^2-4.4.(-4) & &\\ & = 225+64 & & \\ & = 289 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-15-\sqrt289}{2.4} & & = \frac{-15+\sqrt289}{2.4} \\ & = \frac{-32}{8} & & = \frac{2}{8} \\ & = -4 & & = \frac{1}{4} \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -4 ; \frac{1}{4} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
9. \(4x^2+7x+19=-6x+10\\ \Leftrightarrow 4x^2+13x+9=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{4x^2+13x+9=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (13)^2-4.4.9 & &\\ & = 169-144 & & \\ & = 25 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-13-\sqrt25}{2.4} & & = \frac{-13+\sqrt25}{2.4} \\ & = \frac{-18}{8} & & = \frac{-8}{8} \\ & = \frac{-9}{4} & & = -1 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ \frac{-9}{4} ; -1 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
10. \(48x^2+6x+8=-x+11\\ \Leftrightarrow 48x^2+7x-3=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{48x^2+7x-3=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (7)^2-4.48.(-3) & &\\ & = 49+576 & & \\ & = 625 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-7-\sqrt625}{2.48} & & = \frac{-7+\sqrt625}{2.48} \\ & = \frac{-32}{96} & & = \frac{18}{96} \\ & = \frac{-1}{3} & & = \frac{3}{16} \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ \frac{-1}{3} ; \frac{3}{16} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
11. \(x^2-9x+31=x+10\\ \Leftrightarrow x^2-10x+21=0 \\\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{x^2-10x+21=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (-10)^2-4.1.21 & &\\ & = 100-84 & & \\ & = 16 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-(-10)-\sqrt16}{2.1} & & = \frac{-(-10)+\sqrt16}{2.1} \\ & = \frac{6}{2} & & = \frac{14}{2} \\ & = 3 & & = 7 \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ 3 ; 7 \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)
12. \(\text{We zoeken de oplossingen van } \color{blue}{8x^2+25x+18=0} \\ \\\begin{align} D & = b^2 - 4.a.c & & \\ & = (25)^2-4.8.18 & &\\ & = 625-576 & & \\ & = 49 & & \\ \\ x_1 & = \frac{-b-\sqrt{D}}{2.a} & x_2 & = \frac{-b+\sqrt{D}}{2.a} \\ & = \frac{-25-\sqrt49}{2.8} & & = \frac{-25+\sqrt49}{2.8} \\ & = \frac{-32}{16} & & = \frac{-18}{16} \\ & = -2 & & = \frac{-9}{8} \\ \\ V &= \Big\{ -2 ; \frac{-9}{8} \Big\} & &\end{align} \\ -----------------\)